ISO 14644 Part 21: Airborne particle sampling techniques.
Document Review
The Technical Committee (ISO/TC209) responsible for ISO 14644, the set of Standards governing cleanrooms and associated controlled environments, looked at the need for a new document to aid users in the application of airborne particle counters; especially considering the new revision to EU Annex 1 – Manufacture of Sterile Medicinal Products (2022). The Technical Report (TR) describes the application of particle counters for classification and monitoring to provide sufficient proof that the cleanroom performance both meets the required standard and is demonstrated to be maintained within ‘normal’ operating conditions.
The document, written by Mark Hallworth (one of the committee members) directly looks at those applications where particles less than 5.0 µm are important as part of an overall sampling program and not singularly those applications that are only looking at large, macro particles (>5.0 µm). It reviews the misinterpretation of clause C.4.1.2 in Annex C of ISO 14644-1, which suggests the use of 1 m tubing length for sampling macroparticles. The purpose of clause C.4.1.2 is to also describe the importance of additional functions of interpreting and understanding,
- For classification where accuracy is required, the quality of the sample is important.
- For monitoring where trending is important in understanding control, the quality of the data is important.
- Direct sampling without tubing is ideal, but sample tubing can be necessary to take a sample where it is not possible to position the instrument directly, and this tubing should be as short as is feasible.
- A sampling system (inlet probe, tubing, connectors and valves, and instrument) needs to be considered in evaluating the impact of data generated.
When we look at the spectrum of use for the particle counter it includes both classification and monitoring, and the TR set out to better describe those differences. In classification, ISO 14644 Part 1 does not provide for the classification of particle populations that are outside the table (0.1 μm to 5 μm). In monitoring, a particle counter is used to demonstrate that those particle levels associated with typical conditions do not shift from the expected range of results; these may be defined based on historical data trends. The relationship between the data gained at each phase of use is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Strategy for Contamination Control
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Other Topics Covered in This Paper Include
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The difference between Classification and Monitoring
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Sampling Airborne Particles
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Selecting an Instrument
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Considerations for Sample Locations for Classification
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Considerations for Sample Locations for Monitoring
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Sampling Error
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Sampling Measurement Errors
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Sample Transportation Errors
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Particle Loss Decision Tree
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